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Widely regarded as an ophthalmologist, Stephen L. Trokel has been instrumental in advancing the use of excimer lasers in corneal refractive surgery. His extensive research has made laser vision correction a realistic alternative to glasses and contact lenses for millions worldwide. Trokel remains an innovator in the field, collaborating closely with VISX, Inc. to further develop and implement new technology. He earned a degree in physics from Cornell University, followed by a master's degree in radiation biology. He received his Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Rochester, New York, and completed his residency at Columbia University's College of Physicians and Surgeons. Additionally, he has undergone fellowships at the National Institutes of Health and Columbia's Edward Harkness Eye Institute, where he received his Doctor of Medical Science degree in Ophthalmology-Physiology. Trokel is certified by the American Board of Ophthalmology and is a member of various prestigious organizations, including the American Academy of Ophthalmology and the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. In 1999, he was nominated by 30,000 peers as one of the 20th century's influential ophthalmologists.
PhD programs at VP&S are often administered through the Coordinated Doctoral Programs in Biomedical Sciences (Integrated Program).